Vocabulary

• Dzień dobry - Good morning This can be used in the monring or afternoon
• Dzień - Day
• Dobry - Good
• Wieczór - Evening
• Dobry wieczór - Good evening
• Cześć - Hi This is an informal greeting. It can also be used to say "bye". It can be used any time of day.
• Jak się masz? - How are you? This is an informal term.
• Co słychać? - How are things?
• Co nowego? - What's new?
• Nic - Nothing
• Nic nowego - Nothing new
• Dziękuję - Thank you
• Dzięki - Thanks
• Proszę - Please / Here you go
• Skąd jesteś? - Where are you from?
• Jestem z... - I'm from...
• Jestem z Polski - I'm from Poland
• Jestem z Ukrainy - I'm from Ukraine
• Jestem z Niemiec - I'm from Germany
• Jestem z Anglii - I'm from England
• Miło mi - Nice to meet you
• Ja - I
• Ty - You
• On - He
• Ona - She
• Ono - It People usually use this term for babies when they don't know the gender. There are also some people who prefer this term rather than "on" or "ona".
• Ładna dzisiaj pogoda - Nice weather today
• Ładny - Nice
• Pogoda - Weather
• Dzisiaj - Today
• Okropny - Awful
• Okropna pogoda - Awful weather
• Barzo - Very
• Tak - Yes
• Nie - No
• Być - To be
• Jest - Is
• Słonecznie - Sunny
• Jest słonecznie - It is sunny
• Dzisiaj jest słonecznie - It is sunny today
• Zimno - Cold
• Dzisiaj jest zimno - It is cold today
• Miłego dnia - Have a nice day
• Do widzenia - Goodbye
• Do zobaczenia - See you later
• Dobranoc - Good night
• Do jutra - See you tomorrow
• Zupa - Soup

Grammar Notes

Adjectives change their endings to match the noun it belongs to. This makes it an inflected language, like Latin.

Questions

I'm still getting a handle of the pronunciations. I wonder what changes how the "o" sound is pronounced. I read that it is usually like o in "pot", but in the word "nowego", the o's are pronounced as "oh". I assumed it needed a sort of accent to show that, but the word has no accent. I assume it has to do with the combination of letters, like the difference between ć and ci. Edit: I'm starting to think what I read was wrong? Or every word I've been learning lately has an exception. Because I swear everytime I come across an O in a word, it's pronounced "oh" and not like "pot" at all...

I also wonder what "co" literally means. It seems to be a question word, but it has been translated to "how" and "what" in different expressions. I'm tentatively leaning towards it being the question word for "what", though I'll have to look it up to be sure. But I get the feeling that "How are things" is not the literal meaning of "Co słychać?" Edit: I have since looked this up and can confirm that Co means "what" :D

This is less of a Polish question, but something I've noticed is that the way to say Germany in other languages on the same European continent really vary. Like, looking at the Polish way to say England or Ukraine, yeah, I can see where it stems from. But Germany is sooooo different from both Germany (English) and Deutschland (German). And I know to say Germany in French is Allemand as well, which is also super different! I wonder if there's a reason or what other variations I'll come across as I study.

Notes

Every time I go to spell słonecznie, I want to spell it "słoneczine". I think it's probably because it's the way it's pronounced and my brain keeps trying to do it phonetically in the English sense, haha. Gotta find a way to get out of that mindset!